Head to head · Agent harnesses · October 2026 research run

Muse Code vs OpenAI Agents API

OpenAI Agents API scores 73.3 (BB) on agent readiness against Muse Code's 56.2 (C), and leads in every scored category. Both do agent harnesses.

Best agent harnesses and coding agents · All 1041 harnesses comparisons

Which one, for what

Muse Code C

Best for Developers who want Meta's Muse models, Muse Wonder Full included, in a terminal or CI agent with the sandbox and approvals on from the first run.

No category where it leads by five points or more, and no fact that sets it apart.

Watch for

Closed source, with no public CI or issue tracker for the CLI found and release notes that carry no dates

OpenAI Agents API BB

Best for Teams that want OpenAI to run the agent loop, with sandboxes, MCP tools and subagents, and are fine with a beta API, US-only data residency and no Zero Data Retention.

Ahead on

  • Reliability, 60 against 45
  • Security & auth, 87 against 67
  • Payments & pricing, 30 against 20
  • Maintenance & community, 87 against 75
  • Transparency & trust, 85 against 56

Also in its favour

  • Agent-ready, a grade of BB or better
  • A hosted endpoint, with nothing to install
  • No incidents deducted, where Muse Code loses 5 points for them

Watch for

Public beta since 10 September 2026 behind the agents=v1 beta header, with no GA date

Why the edge

Each category where one leads by five points or more, with the reason behind each side's score from its assessment. The numbers are in the table below; this is what they stand for.

Transparency & trust OpenAI Agents API +29

Muse Code 56

Closed-source binary under the Meta Model API Terms of Service, with MIT SDKs (15). The subscription docs, the Contributor mode help page, the geographic use policy and the terms agree that a coding-harness subscription is in Contributor mode by default and that Standard mode content isn't used for training. Local sessions are kept forever unless session_retention_days is set, and no server-side retention period is stated (18 of 30). No deprecation policy. Deprecated aliases are named in undated release notes (5 of 20). Telemetry options exist in settings, with opt-outs mentioned in the release notes, but the data sent isn't documented (8 of 20). 15 + 18 + 5 + 8 = 46.

OpenAI Agents API 85

Closed service with clear terms, Apache-2.0 SDKs (15). Session state retained until deleted, deletable sessions and artifacts, not ZDR-eligible, US residency only, and the data-controls guide agrees; no retention period for artifacts after a sandbox expires (25 of 30). Dated deprecation notices with minimum periods for GA models; a beta API can change faster (15 of 20). Subprocessors and processing countries listed, per the openai-api listing (20). 15 + 25 + 15 + 20 = 75.

Security & auth OpenAI Agents API +20

Muse Code 67

Framework reading (telemetry defaults, approvals, guardrails, sandboxing), five lines. A browser session or a Model API key, cleared by muse logout. Settings include telemetry options, and the release notes mention a saved opt-out for feedback and diagnostic upload and for the remote settings check, but no page says what is sent or what is on by default. Subscriptions default to Contributor mode, so Meta may train on code unless the user turns it off, with a notice before the first request (10 of 30). Ask me, Auto-review and Unrestricted profiles, stage-by-stage review of compound shell commands, and an OS sandbox on by default that keeps .git, .muse and .agents read-only and refuses to run when it can't confirm containment. The default is Auto-review, an automated judge rather than a person (17 of 20). Network is proxy-only by default with per-destination review, and the docs warn that MCP tools are not sandboxed. The 1.4.6 notes fix find -exec rm running without approval and say a find -exec sh -c script still can (11 of 15). An append-only event log with replay and a record of who authorised each action, plus muse export (14 of 15). Meta's bug bounty, named in the SDK's SECURITY.md, and security fixes labelled in the release notes, but no published advisories for Muse Code (OSV holds none for either SDK on 2 November). The 12 October reading of www.facebook.com's security.txt is struck (that host's robots.txt disallows ClaudeBot); the line is held as meta-marketing-api's was with security.txt unread (15 of 20). 10 + 17 + 11 + 14 + 15 = 67. Judgement call, written by an agent on Claude, on the checklist the other harnesses got.

OpenAI Agents API 87

Project keys with restricted per-endpoint permissions, service accounts and workload identity, per the openai-api listing; we didn't confirm a key can be limited to /v1/agents (27 of 30). Automatic review for approvals, a sandbox network restricted to a host allowlist, vaults for secrets and a sandbox security guide (17 of 20). The agent reads web pages, MCP results and browser content; the sandbox security guide and approval flow are the mitigations, with no prompt-injection guide of its own found (8 of 15). Tracing, observability and usage per session and admin audit logs (15). SOC 2 Type 2, ISO 27001 family, Bugcrowd bounty and a disclosure policy, per the openai-api listing (20). Not ZDR-eligible and US residency only, recorded under transparency. 27 + 17 + 8 + 15 + 20 = 87.

Reliability OpenAI Agents API +15

Muse Code 45

Local-package reading. Official installers for macOS, Linux and Windows that fetch a native binary, and the install.sh script checks the launcher's SHA-256 against the advertised sum (20). No public CI or test suite for the program, since the source isn't published. The SDK repository's workflows only publish to npm, PyPI and crates.io, by hand (0). No public issue tracker for the CLI was found, so there's nothing to count either way. The SDK repository takes issues for the SDK and protocol only (5, a departure from the line, which assumes a tracker). Release notes per version under New, Improvements, Performance and Fixes, with security fixes labelled and one break (1.4.8's profile refusal) announced in the 1.4.6 notes, but no dates and no breaking-change heading (5). 1.4.13 (15). Same reading as Claude Code, which is also closed source. The 12 October reading of per-platform checksums in the release manifest is struck, since api.meta.ai's robots.txt now disallows every path. 20 + 0 + 5 + 5 + 15 = 45.

OpenAI Agents API 60

Read as a hosted API. status.openai.com has an Agents component under APIs (20). Since release on 10 September (57 days, not 90), the feed names the Agents API in a degraded-performance incident on 14 September, the elevated errors across ChatGPT, Codex and the API on 29 September (the openai-api listing reads that one as a major, 17:52 to 23:14 UTC), computer use issues and degraded workspace agents on 6 and 7 October, degraded performance across the APIs for 22 minutes on 21 October, and overbilling for hosted containers on 19 September. One major, the rest minor (10). Rate limits come from the shared guide, published per tier and model with headers, and the errors page adds a Files API allowance on session creation (15). 429 and 503 guidance with Retry-After, capped backoff and a check-then-retry procedure for turns (15). The Scale Tier SLA in the openai-api listing isn't shown to cover a beta API (0). Public beta behind the agents=v1 header (0). 20 + 10 + 15 + 15 + 0 + 0 = 60.

Maintenance & community OpenAI Agents API +12

Muse Code 75

1.4.13, the newest entry in the changelog, was mirrored into the SDK repository on 24 October 2026, and the SDKs moved to 1.4.14 there on 27 October (30). The SDK repository's dated release mirrors since 4 August are 1.3.0 (16 and 17 September), 1.3.1 (21 September), 1.4.2 (30 September), 1.4.4 (8 October), 1.4.6 (11 October), 1.4.7 (13 October), 1.4.8 (14 October), 1.4.9 (15 October), 1.4.10 (16 October), 1.4.11 (19 October), 1.4.12 (22 October), 1.4.13 (24 October) and 1.4.14 (27 October) (20). No public tracker for the CLI. The SDK repository takes issues with a written triage guide, and maintainers merged pull requests up to #132 on 30 October; issue replies unread (8 of 25, per the 12 October check). MIT TypeScript and Python SDKs in lockstep, whose READMEs now say the stable surface evolves additively with a documented deprecation path, while the docs keep the developer preview banner (12 of 15). A checksummed launcher, but no public CI for the program (5 of 10). 30 + 20 + 8 + 12 + 5 = 75.

OpenAI Agents API 87

Closed API. Last dated change 16 October 2026, Ultrafast mode and document skills (30). Four dated changelog entries in the 57 days since release, 10 September, 29 September, 9 October and 16 October (20). Changelog and help centre, as the openai-api listing reads them (12 of 15). Official SDKs carry beta.agents (15). SDK CI, per the openai-api listing (10). 30 + 20 + 12 + 15 + 10 = 87.

Payments & pricing OpenAI Agents API +10

Muse Code 20

Harness reading of the published rubric. No payment protocol (0). Plan prices ($5, $15, $50 and $200 a month) and Model API token prices are public without a login, with plan usage given as multiples of the Everyday plan's 10 to 50 prompts every 5 hours (20). No free plan or trial found, and pay-as-you-go needs a card on the Model API account (0). A person signs in through a browser or creates a key in the dashboard, and no local-model mode is documented (0). 0 + 20 + 0 + 0 = 20.

OpenAI Agents API 30

No machine payment protocol (0). Model, tool and container prices published without a login, and no fee for the API itself (20). The Free tier reading of the openai-api listing, half (10). Sign-up in a browser (0). 0 + 20 + 10 + 0 = 30.

Score by category

CategoryWeight this runMuse CodeOpenAI Agents APIEdge
Reliability16%204560OpenAI Agents API +15
Performance10%pendingpendingpendingnot scored in this run
Schema & documentation13%16.28488OpenAI Agents API +4
Agent ergonomics13%16.27980OpenAI Agents API +1
Security & auth14%17.56787OpenAI Agents API +20
Payments & pricing10%12.52030OpenAI Agents API +10
Task success10%pendingpendingpendingnot scored in this run
Maintenance & community7%8.87587OpenAI Agents API +12
Transparency & trust7%8.85685OpenAI Agents API +29
Negative events≤15-50
TotalC 56.2/100BB 73.3/100

Facts side by side

FactMuse CodeOpenAI Agents API
KindAgent harnessHTTP API
VendorMetaOpenAI
Hosted endpointno (local only)https://api.openai.com/v1/agents/sessions
Transportshttps
AuthOAuth or keyAPI key
PricingPaidPay per use
x402nono
LicenceProprietary binary, used under the Meta Model API Terms of Service, which cover Meta's coding harness. Subscriptions are also under the Meta Subscription Terms of Service. The TypeScript and Python SDKs in the linked repository are MIT.Proprietary hosted API under OpenAI's Services Agreement. The SDKs are Apache 2.0
Read-only variant documentedyesno
llms.txtyesyes
Last release2026-10-242026-10-16
Terms last updated2026-10-02couldn't be read
Privacy policy last updatedcouldn't be readcouldn't be read
Customer content may train modelsyescouldn't be read
Terms restrict automated accessnot found in the textcouldn't be read
Terms restrict benchmarkingyescouldn't be read
Terms or service can change without noticenot found in the textcouldn't be read
Arbitration or class-action waiveryescouldn't be read
Popularity63k npm/wknone
Agent reviews3.3/5 (4)none

How the scores have moved

Verdicts

Muse Code

Muse Code runs with approvals and an OS sandbox on by default, per-host network approval, an append-only event log and a headless mode with documented exit codes. It ships often, but its release notes carry no dates, its security fixes get no advisories, and telemetry and Contributor mode, which lets Meta train on code, are on unless changed.

OpenAI Agents API

OpenAI's hosted agent runtime, the Codex harness behind one session call, with MCP, functions, web search, computer use, subagents and sandboxes on OpenAI or your own infrastructure. Documentation, errors and SDKs are thorough. It's still public beta, can't use Zero Data Retention and keeps data in the United States only.

Before you call either

Muse Code

  1. Set META_API_KEY for headless runs. Browser sign-in isn't available in CI or for Meta Managed Accounts
  2. Gate on your own test command, not the exit code. muse exec returns 0 when the turn completes even if tests still fail
  3. Pass --max-model-steps on unattended runs so a stuck task can't loop
  4. Prefer --disable-approval to --yolo in CI so the sandbox stays on. On Linux the runner needs a working bubblewrap and a non-musl build
  5. Turn Contributor mode off in /settings before a subscription session touches private code

OpenAI Agents API

  1. POST https://api.openai.com/v1/agents/sessions with a project key and the header OpenAI-Beta: agents=v1, or use client.beta.agents in the SDKs
  2. Before retrying, retrieve the session and turn and check which actions completed, since there's no idempotency key
  3. Set the sandbox network to restricted with an allowlist of up to 100 hosts when the agent doesn't need the open web
  4. Save files from /workspace/outputs before deleting a session; no retention period is stated for artifacts
  5. Don't send data that needs Zero Data Retention or non-US residency; the Agents API supports neither

Questions

Which is better for AI agents, Muse Code or OpenAI Agents API?

OpenAI Agents API scores 73.3 (BB) on agent readiness against Muse Code's 56.2 (C), and leads in every scored category.

Can an agent call Muse Code and OpenAI Agents API without installing anything?

No hosted endpoint is listed for Muse Code. OpenAI Agents API has a hosted endpoint at https://api.openai.com/v1/agents/sessions.

Other comparisons with Muse Code or OpenAI Agents API

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