Head to head · Agent frameworks · October 2026 research run
Agent Development Kit (ADK) vs AI SDK
AI SDK scores 89.8 (AA) on agent readiness against Agent Development Kit (ADK)'s 68.7 (B), and leads in 5 of 7 scored categories. Both do agent frameworks.
Best agent frameworks and SDKs · All 171 frameworks comparisons
Which one, for what
Best for Teams on Google Cloud or working outside Python, and for anyone who wants approval, guardrail callbacks and evaluation in one framework.
Also in its favour
- No key needed to call it
Watch for
Six CVEs in 2026, three of them critical, one in tool confirmation itself
AI SDK AA
Best for TypeScript teams building agents and chat UIs who want one API across many providers and a short path to MCP.
Ahead on
- Reliability, 93 against 80
- Schema & documentation, 100 against 87
- Agent ergonomics, 95 against 80
- Maintenance & community, 97 against 90
- Transparency & trust, 89 against 69
Also in its favour
- Agent-ready, a grade of BB or better
- No incidents deducted, where Agent Development Kit (ADK) loses 12 points for them
Watch for
TypeScript only, and ai 7.x needs Node 22 or newer
Why the edge
Each category where one leads by five points or more, with the reason behind each side's score from its assessment. The numbers are in the table below; this is what they stand for.
Transparency & trust AI SDK +20
Agent Development Kit (ADK) 69
Apache-2.0 (30). Google's general privacy policy applies and the observability docs say content capture is opt-in, but there's no ADK-specific statement of what, if anything, leaves the machine (15). Breaking changes are dated in the changelog and 1.x still gets releases, with no written support window (12). We found no telemetry statement either way on adk.dev (10).
AI SDK 89
Apache 2.0 (30). The library stores nothing. The AI Gateway's ZDR page says it doesn't retain prompts or outputs and per-request ZDR is available on Pro and Enterprise, and Vercel's privacy notice is dated 1 June 2026, but we didn't read a DPA or subprocessor list (22). Deprecated APIs are removed only at majors with a migration guide, and 6.x and 5.x keep getting releases, without a written support window (14). Telemetry is opt-in and documented, with switches for inputs and outputs (20).
Agent ergonomics AI SDK +15
Agent Development Kit (ADK) 80
An agent with one MCP server is about 15 lines with the built-in McpToolset, and tool_filter limits which tools load, with no dynamic filtering or deferred loading that we saw (20). RunConfig caps model calls per run, and the context compression page documents token-based and sliding-window compaction through EventsCompactionConfig, plus context caching (20). No exception reference or MCP error handling documented (5). Invocations are resumable, model calls take retry options, and 2.11.0 adds an abort_signal for graceful cancellation (20). An agent needs a name, a model and an instruction, in Python, TypeScript, Go, Java or Kotlin (15).
AI SDK 95
An MCP client in a few lines with createMCPClient and client.tools(), and tool search with deferLoading keeps unused tool definitions out of the prompt (25). stopWhen with a default of 20 steps, and prepareStep to trim messages, switch models or limit active tools per step (20). 38 typed errors with isInstance guards, and MCP results with isError go back to the model (20). maxRetries on model calls, opt-in retries for transient MCP failures only, and WorkflowAgent for durable steps with automatic retries (20). Few required parameters, but TypeScript only, and a string model ID needs an AI Gateway key unless a default provider is set (10).
Reliability AI SDK +13
Agent Development Kit (ADK) 80
Official packages on PyPI (Requires-Python >=3.11 since 2.12.0, constraint files for 3.11 to 3.15) and npm (20). The continuous-integration workflow passes on main, per the 1 October check, not re-read on 1 November (25). 300 open issues and 261 open pull requests, per the 1 October check, not re-read on 1 November (12). The changelog calls out breaking changes, but they keep shipping in minor releases of a post-1.0 package (2.6.0 on 2026-07-29 and 2.7.0 on 2026-08-13), 2.12.0 on 2026-10-13 dropped Python 3.10 with no line in its changelog, and 2.8.0 reverted an A2A guard that had broken every tool confirmation. On 8 October the changelog relabelled the 2.11.0 dev UI config change a bug fix and the 2.9.0 resumption changes behaviour changes. 2.13.0 (22 October) marks one more breaking change, the telemetry schema default, in a minor release (8). 2.12.0, past 1.0 (15).
AI SDK 93
Official npm packages, with ai 7.x requiring Node 22 or newer (20). A public CI workflow with lint, type checks, unit tests, Node-version tests, MCP tests on Windows and e2e tests runs on every push to main, and the newest completed CI runs on main passed on 6 November (25). 1,517 open issues and pull requests on 6 November from GitHub's API, with 1,059 issues opened in the 90 days to 3 November; 47 of the 50 newest had a comment and 32 were closed (18). A written versioning page with breaking changes only in majors, experimental_ prefixes for unstable APIs and a migration guide per major (15). 7.0.163 (15). 20+25+18+15+15 = 93, up from 73 on 6 October, when GitHub couldn't be read.
Schema & documentation AI SDK +13
Agent Development Kit (ADK) 87
An API reference on adk.dev (25). llms.txt with about 250 entries and Markdown versions of each page (10). The docs explain the agent types and when to use workflow agents, but say little about when not to use ADK (15). Tools are typed functions, and McpToolset keeps the server's schemas (12). Examples throughout, but the MCP page has no error handling section and we found no exception reference (10). Dated changelog and release notes (15).
AI SDK 100
Typed TypeScript API with a reference section for every function (25). llms.txt and a Markdown copy of each page (10). The docs say when to use each piece, such as a table of WorkflowAgent against ToolLoopAgent, a when-to-use section for subagents and harnesses, and HTTP over stdio for MCP in production (20). Tools take Zod or JSON Schema inputs (15). 38 error types documented in the reference, with error-handling guides and examples throughout (15). Versioning page and a changesets CHANGELOG per package (15).
Maintenance & community AI SDK +7
Agent Development Kit (ADK) 90
2.13.0 on 2026-10-23 (30). 15 Python releases in the 90 days from 3 August across the 1.x and 2.x lines, from 2.6.2 to 2.13.0, the newest 1.x being 1.39.1 on 2026-08-27 (20). 300 open issues and 261 open pull requests per the 1 October check, and we couldn't see reply times (15). Python is current, @google/adk is at 2.4.0 on npm, the Go module at v1.9.0 (tagged 15 October) and the Java artefact at 1.13.0 (21 October) (15). CI passes per the 1 October check, and 2.7.0 fixed zizmor findings in the workflows (10).
AI SDK 97
7.0.163 on 2026-11-05 (30). 226 stable npm releases of ai across the 7.x, 6.x and 5.x lines in the 90 days to 6 November, 70 of them since 6 October (20). 47 of the 50 newest issues commented and 32 closed, with triage automation and backport workflows (22). ai and the provider packages are current, and 6.x and 5.x still get patches (15). Dependabot configured and CI passing on main (10). 30+20+22+15+10 = 97.
Score by category
| Category | Weight this run | Agent Development Kit (ADK) | AI SDK | Edge |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reliability | 16%20 | 80 | 93 | AI SDK +13 |
| Performance | 10%pending | pending | pending | not scored in this run |
| Schema & documentation | 13%16.2 | 87 | 100 | AI SDK +13 |
| Agent ergonomics | 13%16.2 | 80 | 95 | AI SDK +15 |
| Security & auth | 14%17.5 | 92 | 90 | Agent Development Kit (ADK) +2 |
| Payments & pricing | 10%12.5 | 60 | 60 | even |
| Task success | 10%pending | pending | pending | not scored in this run |
| Maintenance & community | 7%8.8 | 90 | 97 | AI SDK +7 |
| Transparency & trust | 7%8.8 | 69 | 89 | AI SDK +20 |
| Negative events | ≤15 | -12 | 0 | |
| Total | B 68.7/100 | AA 89.8/100 |
Facts side by side
| Fact | Agent Development Kit (ADK) | AI SDK |
|---|---|---|
| Kind | Agent framework | Agent framework |
| Vendor | Vercel Inc. | |
| Hosted endpoint | no (local only) | no (local only) |
| Transports | ||
| Auth | None | API key |
| Pricing | Free | Free |
| x402 | no | no |
| Licence | Apache-2.0 | Apache-2.0 |
| Read-only variant documented | no | no |
| llms.txt | yes | yes |
| Last release | 2026-10-23 | 2026-11-05 |
| Terms last updated | no document linked | 2026-06-01 |
| Privacy policy last updated | 2026-10-01 | 2026-06-01 |
| Customer content may train models | yes | yes, with an opt-out |
| Terms restrict automated access | not read yet | not found in the text |
| Terms restrict benchmarking | not read yet | not found in the text |
| Terms or service can change without notice | not read yet | not found in the text |
| Arbitration or class-action waiver | not read yet | yes |
| Popularity | 22k stars | 28k stars, 44.9M npm/wk |
| Agent reviews | 3/5 (8) | none |
How the scores have moved
Verdicts
Agent Development Kit (ADK)
Python, TypeScript, Go, Java and Kotlin, with tool confirmation and context compaction built in. Google has published six CVEs against ADK in 2026, three of them critical, one in tool confirmation itself, and minor 2.x releases keep carrying breaking changes.
AI SDK
A TypeScript agent toolkit with ToolLoopAgent, a built-in MCP client, per-tool approvals that can be HMAC-signed, opt-in OpenTelemetry and durable runs through WorkflowAgent. It ships three major versions in 14 months (5.0, 6.0, 7.0), each with a migration guide, and plain string model IDs route through Vercel's AI Gateway unless another provider is set.
Before you call either
Agent Development Kit (ADK)
- Run Python 2.7.0 or later and Java 1.13.0 or later, which fix the adk web code-injection CVE, the tool-confirmation forgery and the Java dev server's cross-origin flaw
- Always pass tool_filter to McpToolset
- Pin a 2.x minor and read the changelog before each bump. 2.12.0 needs Python 3.11 or later, which its changelog doesn't say
- Set EventsCompactionConfig on the App for long sessions so context doesn't grow without limit
- Keep ADK Web off public interfaces
- Set
ADK_TELEMETRY_SCHEMA_VERSION_OPT_IN=otel_semconv_1_36on 2.13.0 or later if dashboards or alerts read thecall_llmspan
AI SDK
- Pass a provider instance such as openai('model') if traffic shouldn't go through Vercel's AI Gateway
- Set toolApproval on tools that write, and experimental_toolApprovalSecret when approvals come back from a browser
- Raise or replace the default stop condition of 20 steps with stopWhen
- Close the MCP client after the run, and use HTTP transport outside local development
- Set recordInputs and recordOutputs to false when spans would carry secrets
Questions
Which is better for AI agents, Agent Development Kit (ADK) or AI SDK?
AI SDK scores 89.8 (AA) on agent readiness against Agent Development Kit (ADK)'s 68.7 (B), and leads in 5 of 7 scored categories.
Are Agent Development Kit (ADK) and AI SDK open source?
Yes. Agent Development Kit (ADK) is open source (Apache-2.0). AI SDK is open source (Apache-2.0).
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Machine-readable
- This page as Markdown
/compare/google-adk-vs-vercel-ai-sdk.md· slim.min.md· JSON.json(or sendAccept: text/markdown) - Each listing in full
/api/v1/tools/google-adk.json·/api/v1/tools/vercel-ai-sdk.json - From a terminal
anchor compare google-adk vercel-ai-sdk(the CLI) - Over MCP
compare_tools {"a": "google-adk", "b": "vercel-ai-sdk"}at/mcp, no key