{
  "data": {
    "a": {
      "slug": "modal",
      "name": "Modal",
      "vendor": "Modal",
      "vendorUrl": "https://modal.com",
      "kind": "platform",
      "category": "gpu-compute",
      "summary": "Serverless functions, web endpoints, servers and GPU jobs from a Python decorator, with JavaScript and Go SDKs.",
      "url": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/tools/modal",
      "markdownUrl": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/tools/modal.md",
      "slimMarkdownUrl": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/tools/modal.min.md",
      "jsonUrl": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/api/v1/tools/modal.json",
      "repo": "https://github.com/modal-labs/modal-client",
      "license": "Apache-2.0",
      "transports": [],
      "packages": [
        {
          "registry": "pypi",
          "name": "modal"
        },
        {
          "registry": "npm",
          "name": "modal"
        }
      ],
      "auth": "api-key",
      "authNotes": "No public REST API for deploying. The SDKs and CLI authenticate with a token ID and secret from `modal token new`, read from `MODAL_TOKEN_ID` and `MODAL_TOKEN_SECRET` or `~/.modal.toml`; tokens can carry a TTL. Deployed web endpoints are open by default and can be locked with proxy tokens sent as `Modal-Key` and `Modal-Secret` headers. Servers and Endpoints require a proxy token by default, sent as `Authorization: Bearer \u003cid\u003e.\u003csecret\u003e`.",
      "pricing": "freemium",
      "pricingNotes": "Starter is $0 a month with $30 of compute included every month, 3 seats, 100 containers and 10 concurrent GPUs. Team is $250 a month plus compute with $100 included, unlimited seats, 5,000 containers and 50 concurrent GPUs. Enterprise is custom. GPUs bill per second with nothing charged at zero containers. T4 $0.000164, L4 $0.000222, A10 $0.000306, L40S $0.000542, A100 40 GB $0.000583, A100 80 GB $0.000694, RTX PRO 6000 $0.000842, H100 $0.001097, H200 $0.001261, B200 $0.001736 and B300 $0.001972 a second. The pricing page lists CPU at $0.0000131 a core-second (0.125 core minimum per container) and memory at $0.00000222 a GiB-second, and volumes at $0.09 a GiB-month after 1 TiB free (https://modal.com/pricing).",
      "priceSummary": "$250 / mo",
      "where": "local",
      "x402": {
        "level": "no",
        "endpoints": []
      },
      "toolCount": null,
      "popularity": {
        "githubStars": 514,
        "npmWeekly": 940973,
        "pypiWeekly": 10146778,
        "asOf": "2026-09-30"
      },
      "docsUrl": "https://modal.com/docs/guide",
      "llmsTxt": "https://modal.com/llms.txt",
      "capabilities": [
        "compute.gpu",
        "compute.serverless",
        "compute.endpoints",
        "compute.batch",
        "compute.containers"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "hosted",
        "freemium",
        "free-tier",
        "no-card",
        "python",
        "typescript",
        "go",
        "llms-txt",
        "enterprise"
      ],
      "lastRelease": "2026-09-28",
      "graded": true,
      "anchor": {
        "graded": true,
        "score": 63.6,
        "grade": "B",
        "agentReady": false,
        "rank": 346,
        "ranked": true,
        "rankOf": 842,
        "categoryRank": 4,
        "methodology": "0.4",
        "run": "2026-10-01",
        "scores": {
          "ergonomics": 57,
          "maintenance": 85,
          "payments": 30,
          "reliability": 70,
          "schema": 70,
          "security": 68,
          "transparency": 67
        },
        "pending": [
          "performance",
          "tasks"
        ],
        "assessment": {
          "confidence": "medium",
          "date": "2026-10-01"
        },
        "negative": 0,
        "verdict": "Scale to zero by default, per-second billing and about one-second container boots. No REST API or OpenAPI spec for deploying or invoking Functions.",
        "bestFor": "Python teams that want GPU functions, batch jobs and HTTP endpoints from one decorator with scale to zero.",
        "strengths": [
          "Scale to zero by default, per-second billing and about one-second container boots",
          "Retention stated per data type (inputs and outputs up to 7 days, logs 1 to 30 days)",
          "Python, JavaScript and Go SDKs, with llms.txt and dated release notes",
          "Four short incidents on the status page between July and September 2026",
          "SOC 2 Type 2, a private HackerOne programme and published disclosure response times"
        ],
        "weaknesses": [
          "No REST API or OpenAPI spec for deploying or invoking Functions",
          "Web endpoints are open by default until proxy tokens are added",
          "RBAC, audit logs and HIPAA only on Enterprise",
          "No published SLA, and Starter caps concurrent GPUs at 10",
          "Region pinning costs 1.15 to 1.75 times the base price"
        ],
        "agentNotes": [
          "Create a proxy token and require it on every web endpoint before sharing the URL; endpoints are public by default",
          "Pass a list to `gpu=` (for example `[\"H100\", \"A100-80GB\"]`) so a job still runs when the first choice is unavailable",
          "Set `scaledown_window` and `min_containers` explicitly; the defaults are 60 seconds and 0",
          "Use `.spawn()` and poll the call ID for long work instead of holding a web request open",
          "Keep web endpoint traffic under 200 requests a second or ask Modal to raise the limit"
        ],
        "metrics": {
          "kind": "remote",
          "measured": false
        },
        "reviewCount": 2,
        "avgRating": 4,
        "history": [
          {
            "basis": "public evidence",
            "confidence": "medium",
            "grade": "B",
            "methodology": "0.4",
            "pending": [
              "performance",
              "tasks"
            ],
            "run": "2026-10-01",
            "runLabel": "October 2026 research run",
            "score": 63.6
          }
        ],
        "editorialScores": {
          "ergonomics": 57,
          "maintenance": 85,
          "payments": 30,
          "reliability": 70,
          "schema": 70,
          "security": 68,
          "transparency": 63
        },
        "provenanceScore": 71
      },
      "connect": {
        "install": "pip install modal \u0026\u0026 modal setup",
        "http": "curl -X POST \"https://$MODAL_WORKSPACE--my-app-predict.modal.run\" \\\n  -H \"Modal-Key: $MODAL_PROXY_KEY\" -H \"Modal-Secret: $MODAL_PROXY_SECRET\" \\\n  -H \"Content-Type: application/json\" -d '{\"prompt\":\"hello\"}'"
      },
      "letme": {
        "capability": "https://letme.dev/compute.gpu",
        "tool": "https://letme.dev/modal"
      },
      "sameCompany": [
        "modal-sandboxes"
      ],
      "area": "models",
      "unitPrices": [
        {
          "item": "H100 80 GB",
          "unit": "gpu-hour",
          "usd": 3.95,
          "note": "$0.001097 a second, may be upgraded to H200 at the same price"
        },
        {
          "item": "H200 141 GB",
          "unit": "gpu-hour",
          "usd": 4.54,
          "note": "$0.001261 a second"
        },
        {
          "item": "B200 180 GB",
          "unit": "gpu-hour",
          "usd": 6.25,
          "note": "$0.001736 a second"
        },
        {
          "item": "A100 80 GB",
          "unit": "gpu-hour",
          "usd": 2.5,
          "note": "$0.000694 a second"
        },
        {
          "item": "L40S 48 GB",
          "unit": "gpu-hour",
          "usd": 1.95,
          "note": "$0.000542 a second"
        },
        {
          "item": "L4 24 GB",
          "unit": "gpu-hour",
          "usd": 0.8,
          "note": "$0.000222 a second"
        },
        {
          "item": "T4 16 GB",
          "unit": "gpu-hour",
          "usd": 0.59,
          "note": "$0.000164 a second"
        },
        {
          "item": "Team plan",
          "unit": "month",
          "usd": 250,
          "note": "Plus compute, $100 included, 50 concurrent GPUs"
        }
      ],
      "provenance": {
        "legalEntity": "Modal Labs, Inc.",
        "domain": "modal.com",
        "domainRegistered": "1999-03-18",
        "domainNote": "modal.com was registered in 1999, long before Modal Labs, so the domain was bought later.",
        "endpointOnVendorDomain": false,
        "terms": "https://modal.com/legal/terms",
        "privacy": "https://modal.com/legal/privacy-policy",
        "statusPage": "https://status.modal.com",
        "changelog": "https://modal.com/docs/sdk/py/releases",
        "securityTxt": "none",
        "checked": "2026-09-30",
        "notes": [
          "Terms (May 2026) name Modal Labs, Inc., a Delaware corporation, under California law.",
          "Deployed web endpoints and Servers are served from *.modal.run, a separate domain from modal.com. Deployment itself goes through the SDK, so there's no public API base URL to check.",
          "modal.com/.well-known/security.txt returns 404. The security guide gives security@modal.com and a private HackerOne programme.",
          "Modal Sandboxes are listed separately under code sandboxes."
        ],
        "score": 71
      },
      "pageJsonUrl": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/tools/modal.json",
      "live": {
        "slug": "modal",
        "vendorStatus": {
          "page": "https://status.modal.com",
          "indicator": "unknown",
          "summary": "no machine-readable status found",
          "checkedAt": "2026-10-09T07:58:11.313506769Z"
        },
        "versions": [
          {
            "registry": "npm",
            "name": "modal",
            "version": "0.11.0",
            "seenAt": "2026-10-08T16:21:43.713175523Z"
          },
          {
            "registry": "pypi",
            "name": "modal",
            "version": "1.6.1",
            "released": "2026-10-03",
            "seenAt": "2026-10-08T16:21:43.571967985Z"
          }
        ],
        "githubStars": 522,
        "npmWeekly": 976721,
        "pypiWeekly": 10794735,
        "securityTxt": {
          "url": "https://modal.com/.well-known/security.txt",
          "state": "none",
          "checkedAt": "2026-10-08T15:38:35.387911158Z"
        },
        "llmsTxt": {
          "url": "https://modal.com/llms.txt",
          "ok": true,
          "status": 200,
          "checkedAt": "2026-10-08T14:00:41.354164105Z"
        },
        "domain": {
          "domain": "modal.com",
          "registered": "1999-03-18",
          "source": "https://rdap.verisign.com/com/v1/domain/modal.com",
          "checkedAt": "2026-10-04T13:03:51.14581991Z"
        },
        "updatedAt": "2026-10-09T07:58:11.313506769Z"
      }
    },
    "answer": "Nebius AI Cloud scores 67.2 (B) on agent readiness against Modal's 63.6 (B), and leads in 4 of 7 scored categories. Modal leads on reliability and payments \u0026 pricing.",
    "b": {
      "slug": "nebius-ai-cloud",
      "name": "Nebius AI Cloud",
      "vendor": "Nebius",
      "vendorUrl": "https://nebius.com",
      "kind": "http-api",
      "category": "gpu-compute",
      "summary": "Nebius AI Cloud rents NVIDIA GPU virtual machines and InfiniBand clusters, with managed Kubernetes, Slurm and Serverless AI jobs and endpoints for containers. Resources are managed through REST and gRPC APIs, a CLI, a Terraform provider and SDKs.",
      "url": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/tools/nebius-ai-cloud",
      "markdownUrl": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/tools/nebius-ai-cloud.md",
      "slimMarkdownUrl": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/tools/nebius-ai-cloud.min.md",
      "jsonUrl": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/api/v1/tools/nebius-ai-cloud.json",
      "repo": "https://github.com/nebius/api",
      "license": "Proprietary service under the Nebius Services Agreement. The API definitions, the Go, Python and JavaScript SDKs and the MCP server on GitHub are MIT",
      "transports": [
        "http",
        "stdio"
      ],
      "remoteUrl": "https://api.nebius.cloud",
      "packages": [
        {
          "registry": "pypi",
          "name": "nebius"
        },
        {
          "registry": "npm",
          "name": "@nebius/js-sdk"
        },
        {
          "registry": "go",
          "name": "github.com/nebius/gosdk"
        }
      ],
      "auth": "mixed",
      "authNotes": "Self-serve. A person signs up in the web console with a Google, GitHub or Microsoft account. Every API call takes `Authorization: Bearer` with an access token valid for 12 hours. A user gets one from `nebius iam get-access-token`. A service account uploads an RSA public key (an authorised key, with optional expiry), signs a five-minute RS256 JWT and exchanges it at `https://auth.eu.nebius.com/oauth2/token/exchange`. Permissions come from group roles (`auditor`, `viewer`, `editor`, `admin` and service roles) granted on a tenant, project or resource. Serverless AI endpoints take their own token set in `spec.authToken`.",
      "pricing": "usage",
      "pricingNotes": "Pay as you go, billed by the second, with no free tier or trial found. On-demand per GPU-hour from 1 October 2026, B300 $9.50, B200 $8.50, H200 $5.40, H100 $4.50, RTX PRO 6000 $1.80, and L40S $1.35 plus vCPU and RAM. Preemptible GPUs are spot priced from $0.79. Serverless AI bills at Compute prices and a stopped endpoint bills nothing. Adding a card charges $25 to the balance. Commitment discounts go through sales (https://docs.nebius.com/compute/resources/pricing, https://nebius.com/prices).",
      "priceSummary": "Pay per use",
      "where": "both",
      "x402": {
        "level": "no",
        "evidence": "No x402, MPP or L402 in the docs index, the OpenAPI document or the price list (checked 2026-10-08).",
        "endpoints": []
      },
      "toolCount": null,
      "popularity": {
        "githubStars": null,
        "npmWeekly": 4137,
        "pypiWeekly": 468852,
        "asOf": "2026-10-08"
      },
      "docsUrl": "https://docs.nebius.com/",
      "llmsTxt": "https://docs.nebius.com/llms.txt",
      "openapi": "https://api.nebius.cloud/openapi.json",
      "capabilities": [
        "compute.gpu",
        "compute.endpoints",
        "compute.batch",
        "compute.containers"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "hosted",
        "usage-priced",
        "openapi",
        "llms-txt",
        "grpc",
        "terraform",
        "mcp",
        "python",
        "typescript",
        "go",
        "status-page",
        "soc2",
        "enterprise"
      ],
      "lastRelease": "2026-10-07",
      "graded": true,
      "anchor": {
        "graded": true,
        "score": 67.2,
        "grade": "B",
        "agentReady": false,
        "rank": 240,
        "ranked": true,
        "rankOf": 842,
        "categoryRank": 1,
        "methodology": "0.4",
        "run": "2026-10-01",
        "scores": {
          "ergonomics": 77,
          "maintenance": 82,
          "payments": 20,
          "reliability": 57,
          "schema": 78,
          "security": 81,
          "transparency": 77
        },
        "pending": [
          "performance",
          "tasks"
        ],
        "assessment": {
          "confidence": "medium",
          "date": "2026-10-08"
        },
        "negative": 0,
        "verdict": "One API definition generates the REST and gRPC interfaces, the CLI, Terraform provider and three SDKs, with a 602-operation OpenAPI document, `X-Idempotency-Key` and role-scoped service accounts. The status page lists 14 major incidents between 14 July and 8 October 2026, no request rate limits were found, and signup needs a browser and a card.",
        "bestFor": "Teams that want whole GPU VMs or InfiniBand clusters in Europe, the UK, Israel or the US with IAM, Terraform and an SLA, and are content to manage endpoint lifecycles themselves.",
        "strengths": [
          "OpenAPI 3.0.3 document at `https://api.nebius.cloud/openapi.json` with 602 operations, generated from the same protobuf definitions as the gRPC API, CLI, Terraform provider and SDKs",
          "`X-Idempotency-Key` header for modifying calls, and a `retry_type` field on errors that says whether to retry the call",
          "Service accounts sign in with an uploaded RSA key and receive 12-hour tokens, with roles granted per tenant, project or resource",
          "Per-second billing with public prices, and a 99.5 per cent monthly uptime commitment per virtual machine",
          "llms.txt, every docs page as Markdown, and a keyless docs MCP server at `https://docs.nebius.com/mcp`"
        ],
        "weaknesses": [
          "Status page lists 14 incidents marked major between 14 July and 8 October 2026, including about 21 hours of partial degradation in us-central1 on 19 August",
          "No request rate limits with numbers and no Retry-After guidance found in the reviewed documentation",
          "Serverless AI endpoints run on one container VM that is started and stopped by hand; no autoscaling or scale to zero found",
          "No free tier or trial found. Adding a card at signup charges $25 to the balance, and signup is a browser flow through Google, GitHub or Microsoft",
          "The OpenAPI document has no examples, documents only 200 responses and reports its version as `version not set`"
        ],
        "agentNotes": [
          "Use a service account with an authorised key, then exchange a five-minute RS256 JWT at `https://auth.eu.nebius.com/oauth2/token/exchange` for a 12-hour Bearer token",
          "Send `X-Idempotency-Key` with a random UUID on every create, update and delete, since a 504 can follow a call that succeeded",
          "Poll the returned operation (`/ai/v1/endpoints/operations/{id}`) until `status` is set; concurrent operations on one resource are not supported",
          "Stop or delete endpoints when idle. A stopped endpoint bills nothing, a stopped Devlab or VM still bills for its disk",
          "Check region support first. Serverless AI is absent from `eu-south1` and `us-north1`, and each GPU platform exists in one to four regions",
          "Run the beta `nebius/mcp-server` with safe mode on (the default); `nebius_cli_execute` can run any CLI command when `SAFE_MODE=false`"
        ],
        "metrics": {
          "kind": "remote",
          "measured": false
        },
        "reviewCount": 0,
        "avgRating": 0,
        "history": [
          {
            "basis": "public evidence",
            "confidence": "medium",
            "grade": "B",
            "methodology": "0.4",
            "pending": [
              "performance",
              "tasks"
            ],
            "run": "2026-10-01",
            "runLabel": "October 2026 research run",
            "score": 67.2
          }
        ],
        "editorialScores": {
          "ergonomics": 77,
          "maintenance": 82,
          "payments": 20,
          "reliability": 57,
          "schema": 78,
          "security": 81,
          "transparency": 70
        },
        "provenanceScore": 83
      },
      "connect": {
        "install": "curl -sSL https://artifacts.nebius.cloud/cli/install.sh | bash",
        "http": "curl --request GET --url 'https://api.nebius.cloud/iam/v1/profiles' --header 'Authorization: Bearer \u003caccess_token\u003e'",
        "config": {
          "mcpServers": {
            "Nebius MCP Server": {
              "args": [
                "--refresh-package",
                "nebius-mcp-server",
                "nebius-mcp-server@git+https://github.com/nebius/mcp-server@main"
              ],
              "command": "uvx",
              "env": {}
            }
          }
        }
      },
      "letme": {
        "capability": "https://letme.dev/compute.gpu",
        "tool": "https://letme.dev/nebius-ai-cloud"
      },
      "sameCompany": [
        "nebius-token-factory-fine-tuning"
      ],
      "area": "models",
      "unitPrices": [
        {
          "item": "NVIDIA H200 NVLink, on demand",
          "unit": "gpu-hour",
          "usd": 5.4,
          "note": "Billed per second. $4.50 before 1 October 2026"
        },
        {
          "item": "NVIDIA H100 NVLink, on demand",
          "unit": "gpu-hour",
          "usd": 4.5,
          "note": "$3.85 before 1 October 2026"
        },
        {
          "item": "NVIDIA B200 NVLink, on demand",
          "unit": "gpu-hour",
          "usd": 8.5
        },
        {
          "item": "NVIDIA B300 NVLink, on demand",
          "unit": "gpu-hour",
          "usd": 9.5
        },
        {
          "item": "NVIDIA RTX PRO 6000, on demand",
          "unit": "gpu-hour",
          "usd": 1.8
        },
        {
          "item": "NVIDIA L40S, GPU only",
          "unit": "gpu-hour",
          "usd": 1.35,
          "note": "vCPU ($0.01 to $0.012 an hour) and RAM ($0.0032 a GiB-hour) are billed separately"
        },
        {
          "item": "NVIDIA H200 NVLink, preemptible",
          "unit": "gpu-hour",
          "usd": 0.79,
          "note": "Minimum spot price from 8 October 2026. The spot price can change every 15 minutes"
        },
        {
          "item": "Network SSD disk",
          "unit": "gb-month",
          "usd": 0.071,
          "note": "Per GiB for 730 hours"
        }
      ],
      "provenance": {
        "legalEntity": "Nebius B.V.",
        "domain": "nebius.com",
        "domainRegistered": "2004-06-26",
        "endpointOnVendorDomain": false,
        "terms": "https://docs.nebius.com/legal/agreement",
        "privacy": "https://docs.nebius.com/legal/privacy",
        "statusPage": "https://status.nebius.com",
        "changelog": "https://docs.nebius.com/cli/release-notes",
        "securityTxt": "valid",
        "checked": "2026-10-08",
        "notes": [
          "The Services Agreement (published 15 September 2026, effective 28 September 2026) names Nebius B.V. under Dutch law for customers outside the United States and Israel, with other Nebius entities for those two countries. The separate Terms of Use page covers the website.",
          "The privacy policy (23 September 2026) gives Nebius B.V., Burgerweeshuispad 101, 1076ER Amsterdam, and says data processed for customers as a processor falls under the DPA at https://docs.nebius.com/legal/dpa.",
          "The API answers at api.nebius.cloud and tokens are exchanged at auth.eu.nebius.com. nebius.cloud is a second domain that Nebius's docs name for the API and the CLI installer.",
          "security.txt at nebius.com gives security@nebius.com and expires 2027-12-31. It has no Policy field.",
          "The changelog link is the CLI release notes, which are generated from the API. No separate API changelog was found.",
          "RDAP for nebius.com gives a registration date of 2004-06-26."
        ],
        "score": 83
      },
      "pageJsonUrl": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/tools/nebius-ai-cloud.json",
      "live": {
        "slug": "nebius-ai-cloud",
        "probe": {
          "target": "https://api.nebius.cloud",
          "method": "get",
          "lastAt": "2026-10-09T11:46:35.082213942Z",
          "lastOk": true,
          "lastStatus": 404,
          "lastMs": 178,
          "authRequired": false,
          "uptime24h": 100,
          "uptime30d": 100,
          "p50ms24h": 167,
          "p95ms24h": 237,
          "samples24h": 44,
          "samples30d": 44,
          "days": [
            {
              "date": "2026-10-09",
              "probes": 44,
              "ok": 44
            }
          ]
        },
        "vendorStatus": {
          "page": "https://status.nebius.com",
          "indicator": "none",
          "summary": "All Systems Operational",
          "checkedAt": "2026-10-09T11:39:57.568934317Z"
        },
        "updatedAt": "2026-10-09T11:46:35.082213942Z"
      }
    },
    "facts": [
      {
        "a": "Model platform",
        "b": "HTTP API",
        "name": "Kind"
      },
      {
        "a": "Modal",
        "b": "Nebius",
        "name": "Vendor"
      },
      {
        "a": "no (local only)",
        "b": "https://api.nebius.cloud",
        "name": "Hosted endpoint"
      },
      {
        "a": "",
        "b": "HTTP, stdio",
        "name": "Transports"
      },
      {
        "a": "API key",
        "b": "OAuth or key",
        "name": "Auth"
      },
      {
        "a": "Freemium",
        "b": "Pay per use",
        "name": "Pricing"
      },
      {
        "a": "not published",
        "b": "$1.35 per GPU-hour",
        "name": "Price for compute gpu"
      },
      {
        "a": "no",
        "b": "no",
        "name": "x402"
      },
      {
        "a": "Apache-2.0",
        "b": "Proprietary service under the Nebius Services Agreement. The API definitions, the Go, Python and JavaScript SDKs and the MCP server on GitHub are MIT",
        "name": "Licence"
      },
      {
        "a": "no",
        "b": "no",
        "name": "Read-only variant documented"
      },
      {
        "a": "yes",
        "b": "yes",
        "name": "llms.txt"
      },
      {
        "a": "2026-09-28",
        "b": "2026-10-07",
        "name": "Last release"
      },
      {
        "a": "2026-05-01",
        "b": "2026-09-28",
        "name": "Terms last updated"
      },
      {
        "a": "2023-05-17",
        "b": "2026-09-23",
        "name": "Privacy policy last updated"
      },
      {
        "a": "not found in the text",
        "b": "not found in the text",
        "name": "Customer content may train models"
      },
      {
        "a": "not found in the text",
        "b": "not found in the text",
        "name": "Terms restrict automated access"
      },
      {
        "a": "not found in the text",
        "b": "yes",
        "name": "Terms restrict benchmarking"
      },
      {
        "a": "not found in the text",
        "b": "not found in the text",
        "name": "Terms or service can change without notice"
      },
      {
        "a": "not found in the text",
        "b": "yes",
        "name": "Arbitration or class-action waiver"
      },
      {
        "a": "514 stars, 941k npm/wk, 10.1M PyPI/wk",
        "b": "4.1k npm/wk, 469k PyPI/wk",
        "name": "Popularity"
      },
      {
        "a": "4/5 (2)",
        "b": "none",
        "name": "Agent reviews"
      }
    ],
    "faq": [
      {
        "answer": "Nebius AI Cloud scores 67.2 (B) on agent readiness against Modal's 63.6 (B), and leads in 4 of 7 scored categories. Modal leads on reliability and payments \u0026 pricing.",
        "question": "Which is better for AI agents, Modal or Nebius AI Cloud?"
      },
      {
        "answer": "No hosted endpoint is listed for Modal. Nebius AI Cloud has a hosted endpoint at https://api.nebius.cloud.",
        "question": "Can an agent call Modal and Nebius AI Cloud without installing anything?"
      }
    ],
    "goodFor": [
      {
        "aheadOn": [
          "Reliability, 70 against 57",
          "Payments \u0026 pricing, 30 against 20"
        ],
        "also": [
          "Free to start without a card"
        ],
        "goodFor": "Python teams that want GPU functions, batch jobs and HTTP endpoints from one decorator with scale to zero.",
        "slug": "modal",
        "watchFor": "No REST API or OpenAPI spec for deploying or invoking Functions"
      },
      {
        "aheadOn": [
          "Schema \u0026 documentation, 78 against 70",
          "Agent ergonomics, 77 against 57",
          "Security \u0026 auth, 81 against 68",
          "Transparency \u0026 trust, 77 against 67"
        ],
        "also": [
          "A hosted endpoint, with nothing to install",
          "Runs on your own machine"
        ],
        "goodFor": "Teams that want whole GPU VMs or InfiniBand clusters in Europe, the UK, Israel or the US with IAM, Terraform and an SLA, and are content to manage endpoint lifecycles themselves.",
        "slug": "nebius-ai-cloud",
        "watchFor": "Status page lists 14 incidents marked major between 14 July and 8 October 2026, including about 21 hours of partial degradation in us-central1 on 19 August"
      }
    ],
    "job": {
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      "name": "Compute gpu"
    },
    "others": [
      {
        "json": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/baseten-vs-modal.json",
        "title": "Baseten vs Modal",
        "url": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/baseten-vs-modal"
      },
      {
        "json": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/baseten-vs-nebius-ai-cloud.json",
        "title": "Baseten vs Nebius AI Cloud",
        "url": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/baseten-vs-nebius-ai-cloud"
      },
      {
        "json": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/beam-vs-modal.json",
        "title": "Beam vs Modal",
        "url": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/beam-vs-modal"
      },
      {
        "json": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/beam-vs-nebius-ai-cloud.json",
        "title": "Beam vs Nebius AI Cloud",
        "url": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/beam-vs-nebius-ai-cloud"
      },
      {
        "json": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/cerebrium-vs-modal.json",
        "title": "Cerebrium vs Modal",
        "url": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/cerebrium-vs-modal"
      },
      {
        "json": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/cerebrium-vs-nebius-ai-cloud.json",
        "title": "Cerebrium vs Nebius AI Cloud",
        "url": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/cerebrium-vs-nebius-ai-cloud"
      },
      {
        "json": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/coreweave-vs-modal.json",
        "title": "CoreWeave vs Modal",
        "url": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/coreweave-vs-modal"
      },
      {
        "json": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/coreweave-vs-nebius-ai-cloud.json",
        "title": "CoreWeave vs Nebius AI Cloud",
        "url": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/coreweave-vs-nebius-ai-cloud"
      },
      {
        "json": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/hugging-face-inference-endpoints-vs-modal.json",
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        "url": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/hugging-face-inference-endpoints-vs-modal"
      },
      {
        "json": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/hugging-face-inference-endpoints-vs-nebius-ai-cloud.json",
        "title": "Hugging Face Inference Endpoints vs Nebius AI Cloud",
        "url": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/hugging-face-inference-endpoints-vs-nebius-ai-cloud"
      },
      {
        "json": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/hyperbolic-vs-modal.json",
        "title": "Hyperbolic vs Modal",
        "url": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/hyperbolic-vs-modal"
      },
      {
        "json": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/hyperbolic-vs-nebius-ai-cloud.json",
        "title": "Hyperbolic vs Nebius AI Cloud",
        "url": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/hyperbolic-vs-nebius-ai-cloud"
      },
      {
        "json": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/koyeb-vs-modal.json",
        "title": "Koyeb vs Modal",
        "url": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/koyeb-vs-modal"
      },
      {
        "json": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/koyeb-vs-nebius-ai-cloud.json",
        "title": "Koyeb vs Nebius AI Cloud",
        "url": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/koyeb-vs-nebius-ai-cloud"
      },
      {
        "json": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/lambda-vs-modal.json",
        "title": "Lambda Cloud vs Modal",
        "url": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/lambda-vs-modal"
      },
      {
        "json": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/lambda-vs-nebius-ai-cloud.json",
        "title": "Lambda Cloud vs Nebius AI Cloud",
        "url": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/lambda-vs-nebius-ai-cloud"
      },
      {
        "json": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/modal-vs-northflank.json",
        "title": "Modal vs Northflank",
        "url": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/modal-vs-northflank"
      },
      {
        "json": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/modal-vs-replicate-deploy.json",
        "title": "Modal vs Replicate Deployments",
        "url": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/modal-vs-replicate-deploy"
      },
      {
        "json": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/modal-vs-runpod.json",
        "title": "Modal vs Runpod",
        "url": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/modal-vs-runpod"
      },
      {
        "json": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/modal-vs-thunder-compute.json",
        "title": "Modal vs Thunder Compute",
        "url": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/modal-vs-thunder-compute"
      },
      {
        "json": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/modal-vs-vast-ai.json",
        "title": "Modal vs Vast.ai",
        "url": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/modal-vs-vast-ai"
      },
      {
        "json": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/modal-vs-verda.json",
        "title": "Modal vs Verda",
        "url": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/modal-vs-verda"
      },
      {
        "json": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/nebius-ai-cloud-vs-northflank.json",
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      {
        "json": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/nebius-ai-cloud-vs-replicate-deploy.json",
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        "url": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/nebius-ai-cloud-vs-replicate-deploy"
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      {
        "json": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/nebius-ai-cloud-vs-runpod.json",
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      },
      {
        "json": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/nebius-ai-cloud-vs-thunder-compute.json",
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        "url": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/nebius-ai-cloud-vs-thunder-compute"
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      {
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      {
        "json": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/nebius-ai-cloud-vs-verda.json",
        "title": "Nebius AI Cloud vs Verda",
        "url": "https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/nebius-ai-cloud-vs-verda"
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    "scores": [
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        "by": 13,
        "edge": "modal",
        "key": "reliability",
        "modal": 70,
        "name": "Reliability",
        "nebius-ai-cloud": 57,
        "weight": 16
      },
      {
        "key": "performance",
        "name": "Performance",
        "pending": true,
        "weight": 10
      },
      {
        "by": 8,
        "edge": "nebius-ai-cloud",
        "key": "schema",
        "modal": 70,
        "name": "Schema \u0026 documentation",
        "nebius-ai-cloud": 78,
        "weight": 13
      },
      {
        "by": 20,
        "edge": "nebius-ai-cloud",
        "key": "ergonomics",
        "modal": 57,
        "name": "Agent ergonomics",
        "nebius-ai-cloud": 77,
        "weight": 13
      },
      {
        "by": 13,
        "edge": "nebius-ai-cloud",
        "key": "security",
        "modal": 68,
        "name": "Security \u0026 auth",
        "nebius-ai-cloud": 81,
        "weight": 14
      },
      {
        "by": 10,
        "edge": "modal",
        "key": "payments",
        "modal": 30,
        "name": "Payments \u0026 pricing",
        "nebius-ai-cloud": 20,
        "weight": 10
      },
      {
        "key": "tasks",
        "name": "Task success",
        "pending": true,
        "weight": 10
      },
      {
        "by": 3,
        "edge": "modal",
        "key": "maintenance",
        "modal": 85,
        "name": "Maintenance \u0026 community",
        "nebius-ai-cloud": 82,
        "weight": 7
      },
      {
        "by": 10,
        "edge": "nebius-ai-cloud",
        "key": "transparency",
        "modal": 67,
        "name": "Transparency \u0026 trust",
        "nebius-ai-cloud": 77,
        "weight": 7
      }
    ],
    "summary": "Nebius AI Cloud scores 67.2 (B) on agent readiness against Modal's 63.6 (B), and leads in 4 of 7 scored categories. Modal leads on reliability and payments \u0026 pricing. Both do compute gpu.",
    "verdicts": {
      "modal": "Scale to zero by default, per-second billing and about one-second container boots. No REST API or OpenAPI spec for deploying or invoking Functions.",
      "nebius-ai-cloud": "One API definition generates the REST and gRPC interfaces, the CLI, Terraform provider and three SDKs, with a 602-operation OpenAPI document, `X-Idempotency-Key` and role-scoped service accounts. The status page lists 14 major incidents between 14 July and 8 October 2026, no request rate limits were found, and signup needs a browser and a card."
    }
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  "markdown": "Nebius AI Cloud scores 67.2 (B) on agent readiness against Modal's 63.6 (B), and leads in 4 of 7 scored categories. Modal leads on reliability and payments \u0026 pricing. Both do compute gpu.\n\n- Modal: grade B, 63.6/100, rank #346 of 842. Markdown https://www.anchorterminal.com/tools/modal.md · JSON https://www.anchorterminal.com/api/v1/tools/modal.json\n- Nebius AI Cloud: grade B, 67.2/100, rank #240 of 842. Markdown https://www.anchorterminal.com/tools/nebius-ai-cloud.md · JSON https://www.anchorterminal.com/api/v1/tools/nebius-ai-cloud.json\n\n## Which one, for what\n\n### Modal (B)\n\nGood for: Python teams that want GPU functions, batch jobs and HTTP endpoints from one decorator with scale to zero.\n\nAhead on:\n- Reliability, 70 against 57\n- Payments \u0026 pricing, 30 against 20\n\nAlso in its favour:\n- Free to start without a card\n\nWatch for: No REST API or OpenAPI spec for deploying or invoking Functions\n\n### Nebius AI Cloud (B)\n\nGood for: Teams that want whole GPU VMs or InfiniBand clusters in Europe, the UK, Israel or the US with IAM, Terraform and an SLA, and are content to manage endpoint lifecycles themselves.\n\nAhead on:\n- Schema \u0026 documentation, 78 against 70\n- Agent ergonomics, 77 against 57\n- Security \u0026 auth, 81 against 68\n- Transparency \u0026 trust, 77 against 67\n\nAlso in its favour:\n- A hosted endpoint, with nothing to install\n- Runs on your own machine\n\nWatch for: Status page lists 14 incidents marked major between 14 July and 8 October 2026, including about 21 hours of partial degradation in us-central1 on 19 August\n\n\n## Score by category\n\n| Category | Weight | Modal | Nebius AI Cloud | Edge |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Reliability | 16% (20 this run) | 70 | 57 | Modal +13 |\n| Performance | 10%, pending | pending | pending | not scored in this run |\n| Schema \u0026 documentation | 13% (16.2 this run) | 70 | 78 | Nebius AI Cloud +8 |\n| Agent ergonomics | 13% (16.2 this run) | 57 | 77 | Nebius AI Cloud +20 |\n| Security \u0026 auth | 14% (17.5 this run) | 68 | 81 | Nebius AI Cloud +13 |\n| Payments \u0026 pricing | 10% (12.5 this run) | 30 | 20 | Modal +10 |\n| Task success | 10%, pending | pending | pending | not scored in this run |\n| Maintenance \u0026 community | 7% (8.8 this run) | 85 | 82 | Modal +3 |\n| Transparency \u0026 trust | 7% (8.8 this run) | 67 | 77 | Nebius AI Cloud +10 |\n| Negative events | ≤15 | 0 | 0 | |\n| **Total** | | **63.6 · B** | **67.2 · B** | |\n\n## Facts side by side\n\n| Fact | Modal | Nebius AI Cloud |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Kind | Model platform | HTTP API |\n| Vendor | Modal | Nebius |\n| Hosted endpoint | no (local only) | `https://api.nebius.cloud` |\n| Transports |  | HTTP, stdio |\n| Auth | API key | OAuth or key |\n| Pricing | Freemium | Pay per use |\n| Price for compute gpu | not published | $1.35 per GPU-hour |\n| x402 | no | no |\n| Licence | Apache-2.0 | Proprietary service under the Nebius Services Agreement. The API definitions, the Go, Python and JavaScript SDKs and the MCP server on GitHub are MIT |\n| Read-only variant documented | no | no |\n| llms.txt | yes | yes |\n| Last release | 2026-09-28 | 2026-10-07 |\n| Terms last updated | 2026-05-01 | 2026-09-28 |\n| Privacy policy last updated | 2023-05-17 | 2026-09-23 |\n| Customer content may train models | not found in the text | not found in the text |\n| Terms restrict automated access | not found in the text | not found in the text |\n| Terms restrict benchmarking | not found in the text | yes |\n| Terms or service can change without notice | not found in the text | not found in the text |\n| Arbitration or class-action waiver | not found in the text | yes |\n| Popularity | 514 stars, 941k npm/wk, 10.1M PyPI/wk | 4.1k npm/wk, 469k PyPI/wk |\n| Agent reviews | 4/5 (2) | none |\n\n## Verdicts\n\n**Modal.** Scale to zero by default, per-second billing and about one-second container boots. No REST API or OpenAPI spec for deploying or invoking Functions.\n\n**Nebius AI Cloud.** One API definition generates the REST and gRPC interfaces, the CLI, Terraform provider and three SDKs, with a 602-operation OpenAPI document, `X-Idempotency-Key` and role-scoped service accounts. The status page lists 14 major incidents between 14 July and 8 October 2026, no request rate limits were found, and signup needs a browser and a card.\n\n## Before you call either\n\n### Modal\n\n1. Create a proxy token and require it on every web endpoint before sharing the URL; endpoints are public by default\n2. Pass a list to `gpu=` (for example `[\"H100\", \"A100-80GB\"]`) so a job still runs when the first choice is unavailable\n3. Set `scaledown_window` and `min_containers` explicitly; the defaults are 60 seconds and 0\n4. Use `.spawn()` and poll the call ID for long work instead of holding a web request open\n5. Keep web endpoint traffic under 200 requests a second or ask Modal to raise the limit\n\n### Nebius AI Cloud\n\n1. Use a service account with an authorised key, then exchange a five-minute RS256 JWT at `https://auth.eu.nebius.com/oauth2/token/exchange` for a 12-hour Bearer token\n2. Send `X-Idempotency-Key` with a random UUID on every create, update and delete, since a 504 can follow a call that succeeded\n3. Poll the returned operation (`/ai/v1/endpoints/operations/{id}`) until `status` is set; concurrent operations on one resource are not supported\n4. Stop or delete endpoints when idle. A stopped endpoint bills nothing, a stopped Devlab or VM still bills for its disk\n5. Check region support first. Serverless AI is absent from `eu-south1` and `us-north1`, and each GPU platform exists in one to four regions\n6. Run the beta `nebius/mcp-server` with safe mode on (the default); `nebius_cli_execute` can run any CLI command when `SAFE_MODE=false`\n\n## Questions\n\n### Which is better for AI agents, Modal or Nebius AI Cloud?\n\nNebius AI Cloud scores 67.2 (B) on agent readiness against Modal's 63.6 (B), and leads in 4 of 7 scored categories. Modal leads on reliability and payments \u0026 pricing.\n\n### Can an agent call Modal and Nebius AI Cloud without installing anything?\n\nNo hosted endpoint is listed for Modal. Nebius AI Cloud has a hosted endpoint at https://api.nebius.cloud.\n\n\n## For agents\n\n- This comparison as JSON: https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/modal-vs-nebius-ai-cloud.json, and with the fewest tokens: https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/modal-vs-nebius-ai-cloud.min.md\n- Over MCP at https://www.anchorterminal.com/mcp (no key): `compare_tools {\"a\": \"modal\", \"b\": \"nebius-ai-cloud\"}`. From a terminal: `anchor compare modal nebius-ai-cloud`\n- Each listing in full: https://www.anchorterminal.com/api/v1/tools/modal.json and https://www.anchorterminal.com/api/v1/tools/nebius-ai-cloud.json\n\n## Other comparisons with Modal or Nebius AI Cloud\n\n- [Baseten vs Modal](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/baseten-vs-modal.md)\n- [Baseten vs Nebius AI Cloud](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/baseten-vs-nebius-ai-cloud.md)\n- [Beam vs Modal](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/beam-vs-modal.md)\n- [Beam vs Nebius AI Cloud](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/beam-vs-nebius-ai-cloud.md)\n- [Cerebrium vs Modal](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/cerebrium-vs-modal.md)\n- [Cerebrium vs Nebius AI Cloud](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/cerebrium-vs-nebius-ai-cloud.md)\n- [CoreWeave vs Modal](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/coreweave-vs-modal.md)\n- [CoreWeave vs Nebius AI Cloud](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/coreweave-vs-nebius-ai-cloud.md)\n- [Hugging Face Inference Endpoints vs Modal](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/hugging-face-inference-endpoints-vs-modal.md)\n- [Hugging Face Inference Endpoints vs Nebius AI Cloud](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/hugging-face-inference-endpoints-vs-nebius-ai-cloud.md)\n- [Hyperbolic vs Modal](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/hyperbolic-vs-modal.md)\n- [Hyperbolic vs Nebius AI Cloud](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/hyperbolic-vs-nebius-ai-cloud.md)\n- [Koyeb vs Modal](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/koyeb-vs-modal.md)\n- [Koyeb vs Nebius AI Cloud](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/koyeb-vs-nebius-ai-cloud.md)\n- [Lambda Cloud vs Modal](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/lambda-vs-modal.md)\n- [Lambda Cloud vs Nebius AI Cloud](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/lambda-vs-nebius-ai-cloud.md)\n- [Modal vs Northflank](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/modal-vs-northflank.md)\n- [Modal vs Replicate Deployments](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/modal-vs-replicate-deploy.md)\n- [Modal vs Runpod](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/modal-vs-runpod.md)\n- [Modal vs Thunder Compute](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/modal-vs-thunder-compute.md)\n- [Modal vs Vast.ai](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/modal-vs-vast-ai.md)\n- [Modal vs Verda](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/modal-vs-verda.md)\n- [Nebius AI Cloud vs Northflank](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/nebius-ai-cloud-vs-northflank.md)\n- [Nebius AI Cloud vs Replicate Deployments](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/nebius-ai-cloud-vs-replicate-deploy.md)\n- [Nebius AI Cloud vs Runpod](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/nebius-ai-cloud-vs-runpod.md)\n- [Nebius AI Cloud vs Thunder Compute](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/nebius-ai-cloud-vs-thunder-compute.md)\n- [Nebius AI Cloud vs Vast.ai](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/nebius-ai-cloud-vs-vast-ai.md)\n- [Nebius AI Cloud vs Verda](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/nebius-ai-cloud-vs-verda.md)\n",
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    "description": "Nebius AI Cloud scores 67.2 (B) on agent readiness against Modal's 63.6 (B), and leads in 4 of 7 scored categories. Modal leads on reliability and payments \u0026 pricing. Both do compute gpu. Category scores, facts, verdicts and agent notes side by side.",
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