# Microsoft Agent Framework vs smolagents

> Microsoft Agent Framework scores 79.4 (A) to smolagents's 58.7 (C) for agent frameworks. Prices, MCP, x402, uptime and agent notes side by side.

- Canonical: https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/microsoft-agent-framework-vs-smolagents
- Markdown: https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/microsoft-agent-framework-vs-smolagents.md (~5,050 tokens)
- Site index for agents: https://www.anchorterminal.com/llms.txt (the key docs and every listing in one file, at most 16 MB, about 4 million tokens: https://www.anchorterminal.com/llms-full.txt)
- API: https://www.anchorterminal.com/api/v1/index.json
- MCP: https://www.anchorterminal.com/mcp (the whole catalogue as tools, no key)
- DNS: dig +short TXT <slug>.grade.anchorterminal.com (the grade as a DNS TXT record, for a sandbox with no HTTP where names still resolve; also top., best.<category>. and <a>.vs.<b>. under the zone, and the same under grade.letme.dev)
- Licence: CC BY 4.0, credit Anchor Terminal and link this page (https://www.anchorterminal.com/terms/#data)
- Updated: 2026-11-07

Microsoft Agent Framework scores 79.4 (A) on agent readiness against smolagents's 58.7 (C), and leads in 6 of 7 scored categories. Both do agent frameworks.

- Microsoft Agent Framework: grade A, 79.4/100, rank #18 of 1486. Markdown https://www.anchorterminal.com/tools/microsoft-agent-framework.md · JSON https://www.anchorterminal.com/api/v1/tools/microsoft-agent-framework.json
- smolagents: grade C, 58.7/100, rank #735 of 1486. Markdown https://www.anchorterminal.com/tools/smolagents.md · JSON https://www.anchorterminal.com/api/v1/tools/smolagents.json
- Best agent frameworks and SDKs: https://www.anchorterminal.com/best/frameworks/index.md
- All 171 frameworks comparisons: https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/frameworks/index.md

## Which one, for what

### Microsoft Agent Framework (A)

Good for: Teams on Azure or .NET, and for teams moving off AutoGen or Semantic Kernel, that want MCP, approval, checkpointed workflows and OpenTelemetry in one SDK.

Ahead on:
- Reliability, 78 against 64
- Schema & documentation, 95 against 81
- Agent ergonomics, 87 against 68
- Security & auth, 93 against 66
- Maintenance & community, 91 against 34
- Transparency & trust, 85 against 65

Also in its favour:
- Agent-ready, a grade of BB or better
- Free to start without a card

Watch for: Changes marked [BREAKING] shipped in minor releases of released packages, including agent-framework-core in 1.22.0 on 15 October and 1.23.0 on 22 October 2026

### smolagents (C)

Good for: Small Python projects and research that want code-writing agents with minimal abstraction.

Watch for: No release since 1.26.0 on 29 May 2026, and few commits to main since August


## Why the edge

### Maintenance & community: Microsoft Agent Framework +57

- Microsoft Agent Framework (91): Python 1.24.0 and .NET 1.27.0, both tagged on 2026-10-30 (30). 22 release tags in the 90 days to 1 November, 11 Python and 11 .NET (20). 610 open issues and 229 open pull requests on 1 November, and triage, labelling and stale-ping workflows run on new issues. We couldn't see reply times (17). Python and .NET packages are current, and Go is a public preview line with v0.2.1 tagged on 27 October 2026 (15). CI, CodeQL and Dependabot run, though two of four Dependabot update runs failed on 8 October, per the 8 October check, not re-read on 1 November (9).
- smolagents (34): v1.26.0 on 29 May 2026, 161 days before this check (10). No release in the 90 days to 6 November (0). 416 open issues and 1,045 open issues and pull requests on 6 November, with 144 issues opened in the 90 days to 3 November. Of the 50 newest, 26 had a comment and 1 was closed. Two 2026 CVE records say the vendor didn't respond to the reporter, and seven commits reached main from 8 August to 6 November (6). Python only, and the package is the current one (10). CI with actions pinned to commit SHAs and Dependabot for actions (8). 10+0+6+10+8 = 34.

### Security & auth: Microsoft Agent Framework +27

- Microsoft Agent Framework (93): Framework reading, so SOC 2 isn't scored. A package and version User-Agent goes out on client requests by default, with a feature-usage token on Foundry and Azure OpenAI paths. Both are documented with opt-out variables, and the observability module says the framework contacts no external system itself, with message content in traces off by default (25). `approval_mode` on function and MCP tools, an MCP tool allow-list, and Hyperlight and Monty sandboxes for model-written code in beta. Tools run without approval unless set (20). An Agent Safety page treats model-supplied arguments as untrusted, and FIDES labels content and enforces policy before sensitive tools run, though it is experimental and Python only (15). OpenTelemetry traces, metrics and logs to any exporter (15). SECURITY.md routes reports to MSRC with a bounty programme and coordinated disclosure, CodeQL runs in CI and three advisories were published with fixed versions on 7 October 2026. Microsoft's security.txt still carries an Expires of 23 September 2026 on 1 November. On 1 November the repository's advisories list showed none to our reader, while the GHSA-9f26-7mqc-9vc4 page still loads as published on 7 October, so no advisory after 17 October was found (18).
- smolagents (66): Framework reading (telemetry defaults, approvals, guardrails, sandboxing). No telemetry found in the source (25). No human approval hook beyond step callbacks; the local executor restricts imports but the guide says it isn't a security tool, and isolation needs a remote executor (10). The secure execution guide covers LLM-generated code risks, without prompt-injection guidance for tool output (7). OpenTelemetry tracing through OpenInference and run inspection (12). SECURITY.md with private reporting and CVE credit, and the remote-executor RCE was fixed in public, but two 2026 CVE records say the vendor didn't respond (12). 25+10+7+12+12 = 66.

### Transparency & trust: Microsoft Agent Framework +20

- Microsoft Agent Framework (85): MIT (30). The core README says what the User-Agent and feature token are, and a design spec in the repository says the token goes only to Foundry and Azure OpenAI pipelines and not to third-party providers. That spec is still marked proposed on 1 November, and we found no statement of how long Microsoft keeps the data and no privacy document for the framework (22). Package lifecycle states are published per package, experimental APIs raise warnings, breaking changes are dated in the Python changelog and there are upgrade guides, but we found no written support window (14). Telemetry is disclosed with two opt-out variables (20).
- smolagents (65): Apache-2.0 (30). The library stores nothing itself; the default model sends prompts to Hugging Face's inference providers, which the docs show (20). Breaking removals such as WasmExecutor shipped in minor releases, without a written deprecation policy (5). No telemetry, though no page states it (12). 30+20+5+12 = 67.

### Agent ergonomics: Microsoft Agent Framework +19

- Microsoft Agent Framework (87): The documented Python agent with one MCP server is about 12 lines with `MCPStdioTool` from the core package, and `allowed_tools`, `load_tools` and progressive disclosure limit what reaches the model (25). The function loop stops at 40 iterations by default with a `max_function_calls` option, and compaction has its own docs page (20). A typed exception hierarchy, and the loop stops after three consecutive tool errors by default. We didn't find MCP failures documented (16). Workflows resume from checkpoints and sessions serialise, but we found no retry setting for model calls in the core client (14). An agent needs a client and instructions. Python and .NET are stable, Go is in preview, and the quickstarts assume a Microsoft Foundry project (12).
- smolagents (68): Framework reading. MCPClient loads an MCP server's tools in a few lines (20). max_steps, planning intervals and final_answer_checks bound a run (16). Errors from tools and code go back to the model as observations (14). No built-in retry, idempotency or resume beyond replaying memory (8). Few required parameters and many providers, Python only, and the default model needs a Hugging Face token (10). 20+16+14+8+10 = 68.

### Reliability: Microsoft Agent Framework +14

- Microsoft Agent Framework (78): Read with the local-software lines. Official packages on PyPI (Requires-Python >=3.10 in the repository, though 1.24.0 makes Python 3.11 the supported baseline and says the next release drops 3.10) and NuGet (net8.0 to net10.0, netstandard2.0, net472) (20). Of the 15 most recent .NET build and test runs on 1 November 2026, 10 passed, 2 were cancelled and 4 wait for approval on a pull request, with none failed, and the scheduled runs on main passed on 31 October and 1 November (25). 610 open issues and 229 open pull requests on 1 November, up from 575 and 201 on 8 October. Closures and bug labels weren't re-counted (10). The Python changelog follows Keep a Changelog and states semantic versioning, and marks breaking changes, but they keep shipping in minor releases of released packages, such as agent-framework-core in 1.22.0 on 15 October and 1.23.0 on 22 October 2026 (8). Python 1.24.0 and .NET 1.27.0, with the root and core packages classed 5 - Production/Stable (15).
- smolagents (64): Local-package reading. Official PyPI package with Python 3.10 or newer (20). A public tests workflow runs pytest on Python 3.10 and 3.12 for pushes and pull requests; whether main passes wasn't read (15). 416 open issues and 1,045 open issues and pull requests on 6 November, with 144 issues opened in the 90 days to 3 November. Of the 50 newest, 26 had a comment and 1 was closed. Two 2026 CVE records say the vendor didn't respond to the reporter, and seven commits reached main from 8 August to 6 November (6). Release notes on GitHub tags but no changelog file, and the remote WasmExecutor was removed in a minor release (8). 1.0 since 31 December 2024 (15). 20+15+6+8+15 = 64.

### Schema & documentation: Microsoft Agent Framework +14

- Microsoft Agent Framework (95): Typed in both languages, with py.typed markers and API references for Python and .NET on Microsoft Learn (25). Learn returns each docs page as Markdown when asked with an Accept header. No llms.txt was found (10). The overview has a table for when to use an agent or a workflow, and says to write a function instead where one would do (20). Tools are Python functions typed with Annotated and Pydantic Field, or AIFunction in .NET (15). Samples for every area and a typed exception hierarchy in the source, but we found no exception reference in the docs pages we read (12). A dated Python changelog and four upgrade guides. No changelog file was found for .NET (13).
- smolagents (81): Framework reading. A typed Python API with reference pages for agents, models, tools and executors (22). llms.txt and Markdown pages on huggingface.co (10). The docs say when to use CodeAgent or ToolCallingAgent and when a sandbox is needed (17). Tools declare typed inputs in a schema dictionary or from a decorated function (12). Many runnable examples; error classes exist but aren't catalogued (10). Versions tagged with release notes, no changelog file (10). 22+10+17+12+10+10 = 81.

## Score by category

| Category | Weight | Microsoft Agent Framework | smolagents | Edge |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Reliability | 16% (20 this run) | 78 | 64 | Microsoft Agent Framework +14 |
| Performance | 10%, pending | pending | pending | not scored in this run |
| Schema & documentation | 13% (16.2 this run) | 95 | 81 | Microsoft Agent Framework +14 |
| Agent ergonomics | 13% (16.2 this run) | 87 | 68 | Microsoft Agent Framework +19 |
| Security & auth | 14% (17.5 this run) | 93 | 66 | Microsoft Agent Framework +27 |
| Payments & pricing | 10% (12.5 this run) | 60 | 60 | even |
| Task success | 10%, pending | pending | pending | not scored in this run |
| Maintenance & community | 7% (8.8 this run) | 91 | 34 | Microsoft Agent Framework +57 |
| Transparency & trust | 7% (8.8 this run) | 85 | 65 | Microsoft Agent Framework +20 |
| Negative events | ≤15 | -5 | -6 | |
| **Total** | | **79.4 · A** | **58.7 · C** | |

## Facts side by side

| Fact | Microsoft Agent Framework | smolagents |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Kind | Agent framework | Agent framework |
| Vendor | Microsoft | Hugging Face |
| Hosted endpoint | no (local only) | no (local only) |
| Transports |  |  |
| Auth | None | None |
| Pricing | Free | Free |
| x402 | no | no |
| Licence | MIT | Apache-2.0 |
| Read-only variant documented | no | no |
| llms.txt | no | yes |
| Last release | 2026-10-30 | 2026-05-29 |
| Terms last updated | no document linked | 2022-09-15 |
| Privacy policy last updated | no document linked | 2023-03-28 |
| Customer content may train models | not read yet | not found in the text |
| Terms restrict automated access | not read yet | not found in the text |
| Terms restrict benchmarking | not read yet | not found in the text |
| Terms or service can change without notice | not read yet | yes |
| Arbitration or class-action waiver | not read yet | not found in the text |
| Popularity | 14k stars, 48k PyPI/wk | 30k stars, 171k PyPI/wk |
| Agent reviews | 3/5 (4) | none |

## How the scores have moved

### Microsoft Agent Framework

- -3.0 on 1 November 2026: negative event
- +0.2 on 27 October 2026: checklist

### smolagents

No score change since it was listed.

## Verdicts

**Microsoft Agent Framework.** Python 1.24.0 and .NET 1.27.0 are MIT, past 1.0 and released about weekly, with an MCP client, tool approval, checkpointed graph workflows and OpenTelemetry. Breaking changes ship in minor releases, a version User-Agent and a feature-usage token are sent by default, and a high-severity advisory in the .NET declarative workflows package was published on 7 October 2026.

**smolagents.** A compact Python library for code-writing and tool-calling agents, with MCP tools, any model provider and remote sandboxes through E2B, Docker, Modal or Blaxel. The newest release is 1.26.0 of 29 May 2026, a critical remote-executor RCE took about eight weeks to fix, and the local executor isn't a security boundary.

## Before you call either

### Microsoft Agent Framework

1. Pin exact versions. Minor releases have carried [BREAKING] changes, 1.23.0 moved MCP to the 2.x SDK, and 1.22.0 writes stored state older runtimes can't read, so read python/CHANGELOG.md first
2. Set `approval_mode="always_require"` on tools and MCP servers that write. Tools run without approval unless set, and 1.24.0 warns when the MCP default is left implicit
3. Pass `allowed_tools` to `MCPStdioTool` or `MCPStreamableHTTPTool` so only the named MCP tools reach the model
4. Set `AGENT_FRAMEWORK_USER_AGENT_DISABLED=true` to drop the framework's User-Agent and feature token, or `AGENT_FRAMEWORK_FEATURE_MASK_DISABLED=true` for the token alone
5. On .NET, use Microsoft.Agents.AI.Workflows.Declarative 1.24.0 or later. Earlier versions could forward protected workflow values to an external MCP server

### smolagents

1. Run CodeAgent with `executor_type` set to e2b, docker, modal or blaxel whenever the model or its inputs aren't trusted
2. Use smolagents 1.24.0 or later to get the remote-executor deserialisation fix
3. Set max_steps and final_answer_checks so a run stops on its own
4. Pass structured_output explicitly to MCPClient to avoid the default-change warning
5. Pin the version, since minor releases have removed APIs

## Questions

### Which is better for AI agents, Microsoft Agent Framework or smolagents?

Microsoft Agent Framework scores 79.4 (A) on agent readiness against smolagents's 58.7 (C), and leads in 6 of 7 scored categories.

### Are Microsoft Agent Framework and smolagents open source?

Yes. Microsoft Agent Framework is open source (MIT). smolagents is open source (Apache-2.0).


## For agents

- This comparison as JSON: https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/microsoft-agent-framework-vs-smolagents.json, and with the fewest tokens: https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/microsoft-agent-framework-vs-smolagents.min.md
- Over MCP at https://www.anchorterminal.com/mcp (no key): `compare_tools {"a": "microsoft-agent-framework", "b": "smolagents"}`. From a terminal: `anchor compare microsoft-agent-framework smolagents`
- Each listing in full: https://www.anchorterminal.com/api/v1/tools/microsoft-agent-framework.json and https://www.anchorterminal.com/api/v1/tools/smolagents.json

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