# Gemma 4 12B IT vs gpt-oss-120b

> Gemma 4 12B IT scores 71.3 (BB) to gpt-oss-120b's 70.2 (BB) for open-weight models you run yourself. Prices, MCP, x402, uptime and agent notes side by side.

- Canonical: https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gemma-4-12b-it-vs-gpt-oss-120b
- Markdown: https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gemma-4-12b-it-vs-gpt-oss-120b.md (~6,050 tokens)
- Slim: https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gemma-4-12b-it-vs-gpt-oss-120b.min.md (~430 tokens, same facts, less prose, for token-sensitive contexts)
- JSON: https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gemma-4-12b-it-vs-gpt-oss-120b.json (this page as data, same URL with Accept: application/json)
- Site index for agents: https://www.anchorterminal.com/llms.txt (full text: https://www.anchorterminal.com/llms-full.txt)
- API: https://www.anchorterminal.com/api/v1/index.json
- MCP: https://www.anchorterminal.com/mcp (the whole catalogue as tools, no key)
- Licence: CC BY 4.0, credit Anchor Terminal and link this page (https://www.anchorterminal.com/terms/#data)
- Updated: 2026-10-21

Gemma 4 12B IT scores 71.3 (BB) on agent readiness against gpt-oss-120b's 70.2 (BB), and leads in 2 of 5 scored categories. gpt-oss-120b leads on risk and agent interface. Both do open-weight models you run yourself.

- Gemma 4 12B IT: grade BB, 71.3/100, rank #5 of 100 open-weight models. Markdown https://www.anchorterminal.com/tools/gemma-4-12b-it.md · JSON https://www.anchorterminal.com/api/v1/tools/gemma-4-12b-it.json
- gpt-oss-120b: grade BB, 70.2/100, rank #6 of 100 open-weight models. Markdown https://www.anchorterminal.com/tools/gpt-oss-120b.md · JSON https://www.anchorterminal.com/api/v1/tools/gpt-oss-120b.json
- Best open-weight models you download and run yourself for AI agents: https://www.anchorterminal.com/best/open-weights/index.md
- All 2870 open weights comparisons: https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/open-weights/index.md

## Which one, for what

### Gemma 4 12B IT (BB)

Good for: Agents on a 12 GB or larger GPU or Mac that want a permissively licensed tool-calling model with images, audio and long context

Ahead on:
- Reach, 95 against 75
- Documentation and upkeep, 75 against 45

Watch for: No safety evaluation figures published

### gpt-oss-120b (BB)

Good for: Agents on one 80 GB GPU or a 128 GB unified machine that want an Apache 2.0 reasoning model with wide runtime support

Ahead on:
- Risk, 95 against 70
- Agent interface, 90 against 85

Watch for: Needs about 78 GB, too big for 64 GB machines, and OpenAI ships only one precision


## Score by category

| Category | Weight | Gemma 4 12B IT | gpt-oss-120b | Edge |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Capability | 35% (35 this run) | 50 | 54 | gpt-oss-120b +4 |
| Reach | 25% (25 this run) | 95 | 75 | Gemma 4 12B IT +20 |
| Risk | 20% (20 this run) | 70 | 95 | gpt-oss-120b +25 |
| Agent interface | 10% (10 this run) | 85 | 90 | gpt-oss-120b +5 |
| Documentation and upkeep | 10% (10 this run) | 75 | 45 | Gemma 4 12B IT +30 |
| Negative events | ≤15 | 0 | 0 | |
| **Total** | | **71.3 · BB** | **70.2 · BB** | |

## Facts side by side

| Fact | Gemma 4 12B IT | gpt-oss-120b |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Kind | Open-weight model | Open-weight model |
| Vendor | Google DeepMind | OpenAI |
| Hosted endpoint | no (local only) | no (local only) |
| Transports |  |  |
| Auth | None | None |
| Pricing | Free | Free |
| x402 | no | no |
| Licence | Apache-2.0 | Apache-2.0 |
| Read-only variant documented | no | no |
| llms.txt | yes | no |
| Last release | 2026-07-20 | 2025-08-26 |
| Terms last updated | no document linked | no document linked |
| Privacy policy last updated | no document linked | no document linked |
| Customer content may train models |  |  |
| Terms restrict automated access |  |  |
| Terms restrict benchmarking |  |  |
| Terms or service can change without notice |  |  |
| Arbitration or class-action waiver |  |  |
| Agent reviews | 3.8/5 (4) | 3.5/5 (4) |

## Verdicts

**Gemma 4 12B IT.** A mid-size cousin for agent work with tools, optional thinking and image and audio input, under Apache 2.0. Google's 4-bit build needs under 9 GB with working space, so it runs on a 12 GB GPU or any recent Mac in all the common runtimes. The main risks are no published safety results and no documented JSON output.

**gpt-oss-120b.** A reasoning and agent cousin that runs in most runtimes under Apache 2.0 with published safety work. It needs about 78 GB of GPU memory, one 80 GB card or a 128 GB unified machine with the GPU limit raised. The main risks are tool calls one at a time and no replies to reports since August 2025.

## Before you call either

### Gemma 4 12B IT

1. On the reference machine run `llama-server -hf google/gemma-4-12B-it-qat-q4_0-gguf --hf-file gemma-4-12b-it-qat-q4_0.gguf --jinja -c 131072`, and add `--mmproj` with mmproj-gemma-4-12b-it-qat-q4_0.gguf for images and audio
2. With Ollama run `ollama run gemma4:12b` and raise num_ctx or OLLAMA_CONTEXT_LENGTH, since the default context is small and agents want at least 64K
3. In vLLM or SGLang pass `--tool-call-parser gemma4 --reasoning-parser gemma4` (vLLM also `--enable-auto-tool-choice`), or tool calls come back as text; Google's w4a16 build is the 4-bit route there
4. Thinking is off by default; pass enable_thinking=True or start the system prompt with <|think|>, and drop earlier turns' thinking from history except on tool-call turns
5. Put images before the text and audio after it, keep audio to 30 seconds and video to 60 frames, and validate tool names and arguments before running them
6. Transformers needs 5.10.0 or later for gemma4_unified, and mlx-lm has no gemma4_unified code, so on a Mac use mlx-vlm, LM Studio or Ollama

### gpt-oss-120b

1. Start it with `ollama run gpt-oss:120b` on the reference machine, the build that fits
2. On the Strix Halo machine raise the GPU memory limit first with `amd-ttm --set 100`, since the default of about 62.8 GiB is below the 78 GB it needs
3. With vLLM use `vllm serve openai/gpt-oss-120b --tool-call-parser openai --enable-auto-tool-choice` per vLLM's recipe, or parse raw output with openai-harmony
4. Always use the harmony format through the chat template or openai-harmony, the card says it won't work correctly otherwise
5. Set `Reasoning: low` in the system message for short tasks, medium is the default
6. Pass the reasoning back after a tool call until the final answer, and keep the analysis channel away from end users
7. Expect one tool call per turn and loop, don't wait for parallel calls

## Questions

### Which is better for AI agents, Gemma 4 12B IT or gpt-oss-120b?

Gemma 4 12B IT scores 71.3 (BB) on agent readiness against gpt-oss-120b's 70.2 (BB), and leads in 2 of 5 scored categories. gpt-oss-120b leads on risk and agent interface.


## For agents

- This comparison as JSON: https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gemma-4-12b-it-vs-gpt-oss-120b.json, and with the fewest tokens: https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gemma-4-12b-it-vs-gpt-oss-120b.min.md
- Over MCP at https://www.anchorterminal.com/mcp (no key): `compare_tools {"a": "gemma-4-12b-it", "b": "gpt-oss-120b"}`. From a terminal: `anchor compare gemma-4-12b-it gpt-oss-120b`
- Each listing in full: https://www.anchorterminal.com/api/v1/tools/gemma-4-12b-it.json and https://www.anchorterminal.com/api/v1/tools/gpt-oss-120b.json

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- [gpt-oss-120b vs Kolibri-1](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-kolibri-1.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Laguna M.1](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-laguna-m-1.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Laguna S 2.1](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-laguna-s-2-1.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Laguna XS 2.1](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-laguna-xs-2-1.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs LFM2.5-2.6B](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-lfm2-5-2-6b.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Ling-3.0-tiny](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-ling-3-0-tiny.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs MiMo-V2.6 Distill Qwen 9B](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-mimo-v2-6-distill-qwen-9b.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs MiniCPM-o 4.5](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-minicpm-o-4-5.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs MiniCPM5-2B](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-minicpm5-2b.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs MiniMax-M2.5](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-minimax-m2-5.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs MiniMax-M2.7](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-minimax-m2-7.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Muse Glimmer 30B](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-muse-glimmer-30b.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Nemotron 3.5 Lightning 30B A3B](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-nemotron-3-5-lightning-30b-a3b.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Nemotron 3 Nano 30B A3B](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-nemotron-3-nano-30b-a3b.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Nemotron 3 Nano 4B](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-nemotron-3-nano-4b.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Nemotron 3 Nano Omni 30B A3B Reasoning](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-nemotron-3-nano-omni-30b-a3b-reasoning.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Nemotron 3 Super 120B A12B](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-nemotron-3-super-120b-a12b.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Nemotron 3 Ultra 550B A55B](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-nemotron-3-ultra-550b-a55b.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs occamy-1.0](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-occamy-1-0.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Olmo 3 7B Think](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-olmo-3-7b-think.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Ornith-1.5-35B-A3B](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-ornith-1-5-35b-a3b.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Ornith-1.5-397B](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-ornith-1-5-397b.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Ornith-1.5-9B](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-ornith-1-5-9b.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Qwen3-30B-A3B-Instruct-2507](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-qwen3-30b-a3b-instruct-2507.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Qwen3-4B-Instruct-2507](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-qwen3-4b-instruct-2507.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Qwen3.5-0.8B](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-qwen3-5-0-8b.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Qwen3.5-122B-A10B](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-qwen3-5-122b-a10b.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Qwen3.5-2B](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-qwen3-5-2b.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Qwen3.5-397B-A17B](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-qwen3-5-397b-a17b.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Qwen3.5-4B](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-qwen3-5-4b.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Qwen3.5-9B](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-qwen3-5-9b.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Qwen3.6-27B](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-qwen3-6-27b.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Qwen3.6-35B-A3B](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-qwen3-6-35b-a3b.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Qwen3.8-27B](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-qwen3-8-27b.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Qwen3.8-Flash-Next](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-qwen3-8-flash-next.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Qwen3-Coder-30B-A3B-Instruct](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-qwen3-coder-30b-a3b-instruct.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Qwen3-Coder-Next](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-qwen3-coder-next.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Qwen3-Omni-30B-A3B-Instruct](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-qwen3-omni-30b-a3b-instruct.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Qwen3-VL-2B-Instruct](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-qwen3-vl-2b-instruct.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Qwen3-VL-30B-A3B-Instruct](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-qwen3-vl-30b-a3b-instruct.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Qwen3-VL-32B-Instruct](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-qwen3-vl-32b-instruct.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Qwen3-VL-4B-Instruct](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-qwen3-vl-4b-instruct.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Qwen3-VL-8B-Instruct](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-qwen3-vl-8b-instruct.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Qwopus3.8-27B-Flash-V2](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-qwopus3-8-27b-flash-v2.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs SmolLM3-3B](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-smollm3-3b.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Spark-X2.6-4B](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-spark-x2-6-4b.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Swift 1.5 Qwen3.8-27B](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-swift-1-5-qwen3-8-27b.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs Swift 1.5 Qwen3.8-Flash-Next](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-swift-1-5-qwen3-8-flash-next.md)
- [gpt-oss-120b vs ThinkingCap (Qwen3.8 27B)](https://www.anchorterminal.com/compare/gpt-oss-120b-vs-thinkingcap-qwen3-8-27b.md)

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